Exploring the Significance of Isobutyronitrile in Organic Synthesis and Pesticide Production

Introduction:

Isobutyronitrile, also recognized as 2-Cyanopropane and identified by the CAS number 78-82-0, holds pivotal importance as a chemical intermediate in organic synthesis, particularly in the manufacturing of pesticides and acrylic resins. This article sheds light on its properties, applications, and safety considerations.

Chemical Profile:

Isobutyronitrile bears the molecular formula C4H7N,with a molar mass of 69.11 g/mol. It exists in liquid form with a density of 0.770 g/mL at 20 °C (lit.). Its melting point is recorded at -72 °C (lit.), and it boils within the range of 107-108 °C (lit.). Notably, its flash point, marking its ignitable vapor formation temperature, stands at 39°F.

Physical Properties:

This compound manifests as a colorless liquid with a distinct odor, presenting as clear colorless to light yellow in appearance. While insoluble in water, it exhibits solubility in ethanol and ether, facilitating its integration into diverse chemical reactions.

Applications:

Isobutyronitrile finds versatile applications, serving as:

• Intermediate for Diazinon: It plays a pivotal role in the synthesis of the organophosphorus insecticide diazinon.

• Raw Material for Isobutyamidine: Essential in the production of isobutyamidine, an intermediate in diazinon synthesis.

• Component in Acrylic Resins: It acts as an additive in the production of acrylic resins, contributing to various industrial applications.

• Synthesis of 2-Isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxy Pyrimidine: Its involvement extends to the synthesis of this specific pyrimidine compound.

Safety Information:

Isobutyronitrile poses significant toxicity risks, being rapidly absorbed through skin contact or inhalation, potentially causing severe harm. It exhibits an oral LD50 of 102 mg/kg in rats. To mitigate risks, appropriate protective gear including gloves, goggles, and a gas mask must be utilized during handling. Packaging typically involves iron drums, each containing 150kg, stored in designated flammables areas away from oxidants and food materials.

Conclusion:

In summary, Isobutyronitrile stands as an indispensable component in agriculture and industrial chemistry. Its versatility as an intermediate in pesticide synthesis, acrylic resin production, and other vital processes underscores its paramount importance in various industrial applications. However, careful handling and adherence to safety protocols are imperative due to its high toxicity levels.