Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2024-06-05 Origin: Site
Introduction
Malononitrile, known by its chemical name MDN and CAS number 109-77-3, is a highly versatile nitrile used extensively in pharmaceuticals and organic synthesis. It serves as an intermediate for various drugs and is also employed in gold extraction processes.
Chemical Profile
With a molecular formula of C3H2N2, Malononitrile has a molar mass of 66.06 g/mol. It is characterized by a density of 1.049 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.), a melting point of 30-32 °C (lit.), and a boiling point of 220 °C (lit.). The flash point is 234°F, indicating the temperature at which it can vaporize to form an ignitable mixture in air.
Physical Properties
Malononitrile appears as a crystalline low melting mass, ranging in color from white to yellow-brown. It is typically stored at 2-8°C to maintain its stability for use in synthesis processes.
Applications
This compound is pivotal in the synthesis of:
The diuretic drug triamterene.
Sulfonylurea herbicides like bensulfuron-methyl and pyrisulfuron-methyl.
Pyrimidine derivatives such as 2-amino-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine and 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine.
It is also a key raw material in the production of vitamin B1, methotrexate, and other significant pharmaceuticals.
Safety Information
Malononitrile is toxic and can cause central nervous system poisoning, potentially leading to conditions like epilepsy. The LD50 for mice via intraperitoneal injection is 12.9 mg/kg. It should be handled with care, stored away from fire, heat, oxidants, acids, and edible materials, and isolated from alkaline substances to prevent hazardous reactions.
Conclusion
Malononitrile is an indispensable chemical in the realms of medicine and agriculture. Its role as an intermediate in the synthesis of life-enhancing drugs and effective herbicides underscores its importance in various industrial applications.
